Organization: FactCheck.org
Applicant: Eugene Kiely
Assessor: Margot Susca
Background
I reviewed FactCheck.org in February 2024 to assess compliance with the IFCN Code of Principles. I reviewed various parts of its website for information as well as a dozen articles/fact checks to assess its compliance with organization, nonpartisanship, staff information, editorial processes, sourcing, methodology, nonpartisanship, independence, and its corrections policy and application of it. FactCheck.org is an independent organization affiliated with the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania. It is an existing signatory.
Assessment Conclusion
For all criteria, I recommend approval. In the assessment, I have included information as to the reason I have judged it compliant in all criteria, including quotes and screen shots from the site when I believed additional information was relevant. Please see those criteria for more thorough comments.
Margot Susca assesses application as Compliant
A short summary in native publishing language
FactCheck.org uses reputable sources and lists them at the end of fact checks, hyperlinking to primary source material including government votes or peer-reviewed medical journals where users could click through. On methodology, context and background are provided to help the reader understand the item under review and why it may be meaningful to the item being discussed. Fact checks often deal with issues of important governance issues and those reaching the highest echelons of political power across the ideological spectrum as well as others dealing with science and health. Its "Viral Spiral" page directly engages on misinformation issues gaining traction on social media sites, and its SciCheck site digs into issues related to crucial Covid-19 issues. Its staff biographies are clear and contact information is provided. Its corrections policy is thorough and, when and if it needs to be used, corrections are placed at the top of an article, not at the bottom, indicating to the reader immediately there may have been an issue, and that it has been addressed. A nonpartisanship policy is articulated and fact checks do not concentrate on one side of the political aisle. Any reasonable person would understand how fact checks are chosen, how editorial control is exercised, and how the articles are reported and executed.
Section 1: Eligibility to be a signatory
To be eligible to be a signatory, applicants must meet these six criteria
- 1.1 The applicant is a legally registered organization, or a distinct team or unit within a legally registered organization, and details of this are easily found on its website.
- 1.2 The team, unit or organization is set up exclusively for the purpose of fact-checking.
- 1.3 The applicant has published an average of at least one fact check a week over the course of the six months prior to the date of application. For applicants from countries with at least 5 or more verified signatories need to have at least a fact check a week over the twelve months of publishing track. Consult to factchecknet@poynter.org for confirmation.
- 1.4 On average, at least 75% of the applicant’s fact checks focus on claims related to issues that, in the view of the IFCN, relate to or could have an impact on the welfare or well-being of individuals, the general public or society.
- 1.5 The applicant’s editorial output is not, in the view of the IFCN, controlled by the state, a political party or politician.
- 1.6 If the organization receives funding from local or foreign state or political sources, it provides a statement on its site setting out to the satisfaction of the IFCN, how it ensures its funders do not influence the findings of its reports.
Criteria 1.1
Proof you meet criteria
Please explain where on your website you set out information about your organization’s legal status and how this complies with criteria. Attach a link to the relevant page of your website.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We are a project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the nonprofit University of Pennsylvania. We were created in 2003 exclusively for the purpose of fact-checking, and remain exclusively for the purpose of fact-checking.
Our affiliation with UPenn's Annenberg Public Policy Center is noted on our "Our Mission" page, which is available as a drop-down menu item under "About Us": http://www.factcheck.org/about/our-mission/
It is also explained on our donation page (click on "Additional Information FactCheck Donations Fund"): https://giving.aws.cloud.upenn.edu/fund?fastStart=simpleForm&program=ANS&fund=602014
And on "Our Funding" page: https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/
We also explain that we are a project of UPenn's APPC on our copyright page: https://www.factcheck.org/copyright-policy/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm that FactCheck.org's legal status and information are available on its website, which I visited at http://www.factcheck.org/about/our-mission/. As such, I mark Criteria 1.1 compliant.
done_all 1.1 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 1.2
Proof you meet criteria
Please answer the following questions – (see notes in Guidelines for Application on how to answer)
1. When and why was your fact-checking operation started?
2. How many people work or volunteer in the organization and what are their roles?
3. What different activities does your organization carry out?
4. What are the goals of your fact-checking operation over the coming year?
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
1. FactCheck.org was founded in 2003. The co-founders are Dr. Kathleen Hall Jamieson, director of the Annenberg Public Policy Center and former dean of the Annenberg School for Communications who researched and wrote extensively on effective fact-checking methods, and Brooks Jackson, a former investigative reporter for the Wall Street Journal and AP who did fact-checking at CNN during the 1992 election, using methods pioneered by Dr. Jamieson. Our primary goal then -- as it is now -- is to reduce the level of confusion and deception in politics, using the best techniques of journalism and scholarship.
2. Nine full-time staffers and one part-time staffer. We also have four undergraduate student fellows who work part-time. Staff: https://www.factcheck.org/our-staff/ Fellows: https://www.factcheck.org/undergraduate-fellows/
The FactCheck.org director makes all final editorial decisions -- often in consultation with the managing editor, who is in charge when the director is not available, and the deputy managing editor. We also have a science editor who assigns, edits and writes health and science stories for our expanding SciCheck project. All staffers research and write stories, and we all fact check stories written by others. Some staffers have line editing responsibilities -- typically the director, managing editor, science editor and assignment editor/project manager of our third-party fact-checking project with Facebook. We require that each story be edited by at least two people, so there are times when other staffers get involved in editing on a second read.
Our undergraduate fellows help us review transcripts and videos, fact-check articles prior to publication, and respond to thousands of readers’ emails. They also occasional write such stories as articles on social media misinformation and profiles of third-party PACs that raise and spend money seeking to influence elections.
3. Research and publish fact checks, produce and publish videos, and train University of Pennsylvania students in fact checking. We also make our staff available to discuss fact-checking at public events held by universities, nonprofits and other organizations, and seminars held by media organizations.
4. Our mission is to reduce the level of deception and confusion in U.S. politics, largely through fact-checking major U.S. political figures on public policy issues of importance and debunking viral deceptions circulating on social media. We also fact-check social media dis/misinformation, and we have a growing project to fact-check health and science dis/misinformation - a feature we call SciCheck. In addition to fact-check articles, we also answer reader questions through features called Ask FactCheck and Ask SciCheck, publish Q&As and Guides intended to provide factual information on complex public policy issues, such as COVID-19 and major pieces of legislation, and write profiles of major third-party organizations that seek to spend millions of dollars on advertising to influence federal elections. In the coming year, our focus will be on the 2024 presidential election and key U.S. Senate races, which will require covering presidential and vice-presidential debates, the party conventions, campaign speeches and TV ads. We also will write about social media dis/misinformation We published more than 300 articles and (some) videos in the last 12 months, from February 2023 through January 2024, or about six per week. Attached is a spreadsheet with evidence that we have published at least one article per week.
An archive of all of our stories can be found here: https://www.factcheck.org/archives/and health issues, such as COVID-19, maternal health, reproductive health, childhood vaccines and climate change. As always, we also write about public policy initiatives being considered by Congress.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
FactCheck.org has addressed each of the four points in Criteria 1.2 adequately. As such, I mark this item compliant.
done_all 1.2 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 1.3
Proof you meet criteria
- The applicant has published an average of at least one fact check a week over the course of the six months prior to the date of application.
- For applicants from countries with at least 5 or more verified signatories need to have at least a fact check a week over the twelve months of publishing track.
- Consult to factchecknet@poynter.org for confirmation.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago)
We published more than 300 articles and (some) videos in the last 12 months, from February 2023 through January 2024, or about six per week. Attached is a spreadsheet with evidence that we have published an average of at least one a week.
An archive of all of our stories by month An archive of our stories can be found here: https://www.factcheck.org/archives/can be found here: https://www.factcheck.org/archives/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I reviewed the spreadsheet, which categorizes fact checks by "lead topic," and I have also reviewed fact checks published over the last several months. I verified the topics include public health, the environment, politics, and government. I assess Criteria 1.3 as compliant. A complete list of the fact checks I reviewed is included in the next item.
done_all 1.3 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 1.4
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will assess compliance through a review of the fact checks published over the previous three months. No additional information required.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago)
An archive of our stories can be found here: https://www.factcheck.org/archives/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I reviewed a dozen articles/fact checks published between November 2023 and the first week of February 2024. They are listed below by date and headline.
February 2, 2024: Posts Sling Baseless Claims at Judge in Defamation Case Against Trump
February 2: 2024: Online Posts Share Altered Photo of Taylor Swift With Bogus Political Sign
February 2, 2024: Biden Makes False Claim About Jan. 6 Capitol Attack
January 25, 2024: Biden's Numbers, January 2024 Update
January 12, 2024: Tucker Carlson Video Spreads Falsehoods on COVID-19 Vaccines, WHO Accord
January 11, 2024: FactChecking Trump's Iowa Town Hall
December 14, 2023: GOP Misleading Claims in Biden Impeachment Investigation
December 7, 2023: FactChecking the Fourth GOP Primary Debate
December 5, 2023: Biden Spins the Facts in Campaign Speech
December 4, 2023: Post Misrepresents Condition of Israeli Hostages Released by Hamas
December 1, 2023: FactChecking DeSantis-Newsom Debate
done_all 1.4 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 1.5
Proof you meet criteria
Please explain any commercial, financial and/or institutional relationship your organization has to the state, politicians or political parties in the country or countries you cover. Also explain funding or support received from foreign as well as local state or political actors over the previous financial year.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We receive no government funding, foreign or domestic, and we have a prohibition on accepting funds from political parties, politicians and those actively involved in politics.
We publish quarterly and annual financial reports on our website that explain in detail the types of funding that we do and do not accept, as well as the names of those who have donated $1,000 or more: https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/
We do not seek and have never accepted, directly or indirectly, any funds from unions, partisan organizations or advocacy groups. We do not accept funds from corporations with the exception of Facebook, as part of Facebook’s initiative to debunk viral deceptions circulating on the social media site. We note on our funding page that Facebook has no control over our editorial decisions. WWe receive no government funding, foreign or domestic, and we have a prohibition on accepting funds from political parties and politicians.
As mentioned above, we publish quarterly and annual financial reports on our website: We receive no government funding, foreign or domestic, and we have a prohibition on accepting funds from political parties and politicians.
As mentioned above, we publish quarterly and annual financial reports on our website: https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/We receive no government funding, foreign or domestic, and we have a prohibition on accepting funds from political parties and politicians.
As mentioned above, we publish quarterly and annual financial reports on our website: https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/e disclose the identity of any individual or organization that makes a donation of $1,000 or more. We also disclose the total amount, average amount and number of individual donations in our quarterly reports. In 2015, Inside Philanthropy praised our disclosure policy for “exemplifying nonprofit transparency.”
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm financial information is transparent. An example online under the headline "Our Funding" is stated as: "Prior to fiscal 2010, we were supported entirely by three sources: funds from the Annenberg Public Policy Center’s own resources (specifically an endowment created in 1993 by the Annenberg Foundation at the direction of the late Walter Annenberg, and a 1995 grant by the Annenberg Foundation to fund APPC’s Washington, D.C., base); additional funds from the Annenberg Foundation; and grants from the Flora Family Foundation." Additionally: "We do not seek and have never accepted, directly or indirectly, any funds from unions, partisan organizations or advocacy groups. We do not accept funds from corporations with the exception of Facebook, which provides funding as part of Facebook’s initiative to debunk viral deceptions, and Google, which provided a one-time grant to support our COVID-19 coverage in 2020. Neither corporation seeks nor is given any control over our editorial decisions. Our policy is to disclose the identity of any donor who contributes $1,000 or more. We also disclose the total amount, average amount and number of individual donations."
As such, I mark Criteria 1.5 as compliant.
done_all 1.5 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 1.6
Proof you meet criteria
If you confirmed the organization receives funding from local or foreign state or political sources, provide a link to where on your website you set out how you ensure the editorial independence of your work.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago)
We receive no government funding, foreign or domestic, and we have a prohibition on accepting funds from political parties and politicians.
As mentioned above, we publish quarterly and annual financial reports on our website: https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/
Section 2: A commitment to Non-partisanship and Fairness
To be compliant on nonpartisanship and fairness, applicants must meet these five criteria
- 2.1 The applicant fact-checks using the same high standards of evidence and judgement for equivalent claims regardless of who made the claim.
- 2.2 The applicant does not unduly concentrate its fact-checking on any one side, considers the reach and importance of claims it selects to check and publishes a short statement on its website to set out how it selects claims to check.
- 2.3 The applicant discloses in its fact checks relevant interests of the sources it quotes where the reader might reasonably conclude those interests could influence the accuracy of the evidence provided. It also discloses in its fact checks any commercial or other such relationships it has that a member of the public might reasonably conclude could influence the findings of the fact check.
- 2.4 The applicant is not as an organization affiliated with nor declares or shows support for any party, any politician or political candidate, nor does it advocate for or against any policy positions on any issues save for transparency and accuracy in public debate.
- 2.5 The applicant sets out its policy on non-partisanship for staff on its site. Save for the issues of accuracy and transparency, the applicant’s staff do not get involved in advocacy or publicise their views on policy issues the organization might fact check in such a way as might lead a reasonable member of the public to see the organization’s work as biased.
Criteria 2.1
Proof you meet criteria
Please share links to 10 fact checks published over the past year that you believe demonstrate your non-partisanship.
Please briefly explain how the fact checks selected show that (I) you use the same high standards of evidence for equivalent claims, (II) follow the same essential process for every fact check and (III) let the evidence dictate your conclusions.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We fact-check the statements of major U.S. politicians, answer reader questions, debunk viral deceptions, correction health and science dis/misinformation, and write Q&As and Guides on important public policy and health issues.
When selecting material to write about, we seek to devote an equal amount of time reviewing transcripts of statements made by Republicans and Democrats. We do that by reviewing statements they make in the same venues -- TV ads, interviews, speeches and press conferences.
Visit our website for more about our process: https://www.factcheck.org/our-process/
The 10 examples below illustrate fact-checks involving political claims made in TV ads, interviews and speeches. I also included examples of a Q&A and Ask SciCheck.
Here are the 10 links that show the scope of our work over the previous 12 months:
FactChecking the State of the Union: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/02/factchecking-the-state-of-the-union-4/
Q&A on RSV Maternal Vaccine and Antibody Candidates to Protect Infants: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/03/scicheck-qa-on-rsv-vaccine-and-antibody-candidates-to-protect-infants/
Dueling Ads: Trump and DeSantis on Social Security and Medicare: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/04/dueling-ads-trump-and-desantis-on-social-security-and-medicare/
No Proven Health Risks from Aspartame, But Also No Proven Benefits: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/10/no-proven-health-risks-from-aspartame-but-also-no-proven-benefits/
Thermography Is No Substitute for Mammograms, Contrary to Facebook Post’s Advice: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/07/scicheck-thermography-is-no-substitute-for-mammograms-contrary-to-facebook-posts-advice/
FactChecking Trump’s Rally, Fox Interview: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/03/factchecking-trumps-rally-fox-interview/
FactChecking Ron DeSantis’ Presidential Announcement: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/05/factchecking-ron-desantis-presidential-announcement/
Biden’s Tax Rate Comparison for Billionaires and Schoolteachers: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/02/bidens-tax-rate-comparison-for-billionaires-and-schoolteachers/
Biden’s Numbers, October 2023 Update: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/10/bidens-numbers-october-2023-update/
RFK Jr.’s COVID-19 Deceptions: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/08/scicheck-rfk-jr-s-covid-19-deceptions/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Based on my review of the fact checks listed above, both major U.S. political parties and their leaders and fact checked and their statements held to the same standard. Additionally, related to health and scientific information, FactCheck.org cuts through the politics to try to provide its audience with relevant and accurate context and information. I rate Criteria 2.1 compliant.
done_all 2.1 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 2.2
Proof you meet criteria
Please share a link to a place on your website where you explain how you select claims to check, explaining how you ensure you do not unduly concentrate your fact-checking on any one side, and how you consider the reach and importance of the claims you select to check.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We have a page on the website that describes "Our Process," which states that "we seek to devote an equal amount of time reviewing claims by Republicans and Democrats" and explain how we accomplish that. It also includes videos explaining our process. Here is the page: https://www.factcheck.org/our-process/
An archive of all of our stories can be found here: https://www.factcheck.org/archives/https://www.factcheck.org/archives/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Criteria 2.2 is compliant because any reasonable reader would understand FactCheck.org's process. For example, it states, "When selecting material to write about, we seek to devote an equal amount of time reviewing claims by Republicans and Democrats. We do that by reviewing statements they make in the same venues." It provides the venues by which these leaders often provide their statements (ie. Sunday political shows) and how it then moves forward checking claims/points.
done_all 2.2 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 2.3
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will assess compliance through a review of the fact checks published over the previous year. No additional information required.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
An archive of all of our stories can be found here: https://www.factcheck.org/archives/https://www.factcheck.org/archives/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
To assess Criteria 2.3, I reviewed the December 5, 2023 item: Biden Spins the Facts in Campaign Speech
The piece opens by stating, "At a campaign reception in Denver, President Joe Biden distorted some of the facts and the position of his predecessor." It then lists several bullets points on a number of issues that had been "distorted." Following that list, FactCheck.org two staff members reported on the issues, which included inflation and deficits. I will specifically address these in the sourcing section, and related to nonpartisanship, I recommend compliance.
done_all 2.3 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 2.4
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will assess compliance through a review of the fact checks published over the previous year. No additional information required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
For Criteria 2.4, I reviewed the January 11, 2024 work headlined: FactChecking Trump's Iowa Town Hall
As in the previous example, the writers state the issues and move through piece-by-piece with evidence to debunk the claims. This piece also turned to sources: "Trump falsely claimed that his administration 'would have started to pay down our debt' by selling U.S. energy to Europe and Asia, if not for the COVID-19 pandemic. One budget expert called the idea 'baffling.'"
I rate this item compliant.
done_all 2.4 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 2.5
Proof you meet criteria
Please share a link to a place on your website where you publish a statement setting out your policy on non-partisanship for staff and how it ensures the organization meets this criteria.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We have a nonpartisanship policy that clearly states that staffers cannot be involved in any political or advocacy organizations, and they cannot make any political contributions, among other requirements. "Our Staff" page on our website includes information about our nonpartisanship policy, which staffers, undergraduate fellows and freelancers must sign: https://www.factcheck.org/our-staff/#nonpartisanship
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm the policy is accessible to the online audience and thorough. (I have attached it here.) In addition to its current staff, FactCheck.org also lists information about its past staffers. As such, I mark Criteria 2.5 compliant.
done_all 2.5 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Section 3: A commitment to Standards and Transparency of Sources
To be compliant on sources, applicants must meet these four criteria
- 3.1 The applicant identifies the source of all significant evidence used in their fact checks, providing relevant links where the source is available online, in such a way that users can replicate their work if they wish. In cases where identifying the source would compromise the source’s personal security, the applicant provides as much detail as compatible with the source’s safety.
- 3.2 The applicant uses the best available primary, not secondary, sources of evidence wherever suitable primary sources are available. Where suitable primary sources are not available, the applicant explains the use of a secondary source.
- 3.3 The applicant checks all key elements of claims against more than one named source of evidence save where the one source is the only source relevant on the topic.
- 3.4 The applicant identifies in its fact checks the relevant interests of the sources it uses where the reader might reasonably conclude those interests could influence the accuracy of the evidence provided.
Criteria 3.1
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the applicant’s use of sources in a randomised sample of its fact checks to assess compliance. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Moving back to the item discussed in Criteria 2.3, Biden Spins the Facts in Campaign Speech uses a range of sources to fact check the claims. Sources included: the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (hyperlinked from article), White House Council of Economic Advisers figures, Federal Reserve Bank, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Treasury Department (chart included for visual on deficits), Trump's public statements, and the Department of Health and Human Services. The sources used provide historical context as well as figures and are easily understandable in the narrative. As such, I mark Criteria 3.1 compliant.
done_all 3.1 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 3.2
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the applicant’s use of sources in a randomised sample of its fact checks to assess compliance. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Turning to the FactChecking Trump’s Iowa Town Hall piece, a diverse range of expert sources also were used. Figures from the U.S. Treasury were used as well as an email interview with a senior fellow at the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center. Additionally, figures (with relevant context) were provided from the Energy Information Administration, the Congressional Budget Office and the peer-reviewed journal Science. Several claims made in this Trump Town Hall were what FactCheck.org called "repeats," and they list the claims and sources to debunk them.
Given this, I recommend Criteria 3.2 as compliant.
done_all 3.2 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 3.3
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the applicant’s use of sources in a randomised sample of its fact checks to assess compliance. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
For Criteria 3.3, I reviewed the February 2, 2024 fact check: Posts Sling Baseless Claims at Judge in Defamation Case Against Trump.
The same judge oversaw Donald Trump's 2024 defamation case and Jeffrey Epstein's 2021 sex trafficking cases. This piece starts with a "Quick Take," which explains, "Misinformation peddlers baselessly claim a judge who presided over the defamation case that ended with an $83 million verdict against former President Donald Trump is linked to sex trafficking, noting that the judge dismissed a case related to Jeffrey Epstein." Under "Full Story," fact checker Saranac Hale Spencer explained, "Now, in an effort to criticize the outcome of Trump’s trial, partisan misinformation peddlers are baselessly citing the earlier case as an indication that the judge was connected to Epstein in a nefarious way. There’s nothing to support that claim." (To debunk the baseless social media claims, a link to a conspiracy theorist, who has been written about before was also briefly mentioned.)
Additionally, Spencer's sources included links to the nomination and judicial record of the judge with hyperlinks Federal Judicial Center documents/records; the court cases themselves with links; Cornell Law Schools' Legal Information Institute.
The sources are reputable and available to any reader. As such, I mark this item compliant.
done_all 3.3 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 3.4
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the applicant’s use of sources in a randomised sample of its fact checks to assess compliance. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
For Criteria 3.4, I reviewed the January 12, 2024 fact check Tucker Carlson Video Spreads Falsehoods on COVID-19 Vaccines, WHO Accord.
More than two dozen sources were used to debunk a claim made by a podcaster on Tucker Carlson's social media show that Covid-19 vaccines killed 17 million people. Additionally, the guest said that the World Health Organization (WHO) wanted to take away “personal and national sovereignty.” To reveal the facts around the issue, fact checker Kate Yandell used official government sources as well as peer-reviewed work from the scientific and medical communities. This one is particularly notable for its implications as Yandell noted, "...over time more and more Americans have come to incorrectly believe that the COVID-19 vaccines have killed large numbers of people."
Yandell turned to the WHO, which is assembling a "pandemic accord" to address these issues. (A person quoted by Carlson's guest has been discredited.) The Journal of the American Media Association was a source, and it is considered consistently one of the top three peer-reviewed medical journals in the world. Additionally, Georgetown University’s O’Neill Institute for National & Global Health Law director was interviewed by email.
I judge this item compliant.
done_all 3.4 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Section 4: A commitment to Transparency of Funding & Organization
To be compliant on funding and organization, applicants must meet these five criteria
- 4.1 Applicants that are independent organizations have a page on their website detailing each source of funding accounting for 5% or more of total revenue for its previous financial year. This page also sets out the legal form in which the organization is registered (e.g. as a non-profit, as a company etc).
- 4.2 Applicants that are the fact-checking section or unit of a media house or other parent organization make a statement on ownership.
- 4.3 A statement on the applicant’s website sets out the applicant’s organizational structure and makes clear how and by whom editorial control is exercised.
- 4.4 A page on the applicant’s website details the professional biography of all those who, according to the organizational structure and play a significant part in its editorial output.
- 4.5 The applicant provides easy means on its website and/or via social media for users to communicate with the editorial team.
Criteria 4.1
Proof you meet criteria
Please confirm whether you are an ‘independent organization’
or ‘the fact-checking section or unit of a media house or other parent organization’ and share proof of this organizational status.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We are a fact-checking project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania. We inform readers of our status in several places on our website, including:
"Our Mission" page: https://www.factcheck.org/about/our-mission/
Our "Copyright Policy" page: https://www.factcheck.org/copyright-policy/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I recommend Criteria 4.1 as compliant as FactCheck.org is a nonpartisan fact-checking project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center at UPenn. This relationship is clear.
done_all 4.1 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 4.2
Proof you meet criteria
If your organization is an “independent organization”, please share a link to the page on your website where you detail your funding and indicate the legal form in which the organization is registered (e.g. as a non-profit, as a company etc).
If your organization is “the fact-checking section or unit of a media house or other parent organization”, please share a link to the statement on your website about your ownership.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Our funding page provides quarterly and annual information on our funding sources: https://www.factcheck.org/our-funding/
Our mission page provides information on the legal status of our organization: https://www.factcheck.org/about/our-mission/
Our legal status is also available on the university's donation page for FactCheck.org: https://giving.aws.cloud.upenn.edu/fund?fastStart=simpleForm&program=ANS&fund=602014
The donation page states that FactCheck.org is a project of University of Pennsylvania's Annenberg Public Policy Center. "The University of Pennsylvania is a 501(c)3 organization and your contribution is deductible from U.S. federal income taxes to the full extent allowed by law," the page says.
(We link to that donation page several times on our website.)
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Its funding and independence as a fact checking site are clearly articulated. As such, I mark Criteria 4.2 as compliant.
done_all 4.2 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 4.3
Proof you meet criteria
Please share a link to where on your website you set out your organizational structure, making clear how and by whom editorial control is exercised.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Our organizational structure can be found on "Our Staff" page, which includes titles indicating those in charge of editorial decisions: https://www.factcheck.org/our-staff/
The FactCheck.org director is in charge of all editorial content and reports to the director of the Annenberg Public Policy Center, our parent organization.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I mark Criteria 4.3 as compliant because FactCheck.org's organizational structure and editorial policies are clearly articulated and any reasonable person would be able to use the website and understand who is in charge and what people's various roles and responsibilities are.
done_all 4.3 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 4.4
Proof you meet criteria
Please share a link to where on your website you set out the professional biographies of those who play a significant part in your organization’s editorial output.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
"Our Staff" page includes names, titles and professional bio information: https://www.factcheck.org/our-staff/
We also have a page for our current undergraduate fellows: https://www.factcheck.org/undergraduate-fellows/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
The biographies of staff are available. I have included two here as an example. Bylines are on every fact check.
Additionally, the site includes information for how fact checks are reviewed and written: "A fact-checker goes through the story line by line, word by word, to make sure that every fact is correct and every statement we make and conclusion we draw is accurate and based on the evidence. All of our stories contain hyperlinks to source material, so that readers can check our facts. By the time we publish, the story will have been reviewed in most cases by four people who were not involved in the writing and the reporting of that story: a line editor, copy editor, fact-checker and by the director of the Annenberg Public Policy Center, Dr. Kathleen Hall Jamieson, a former dean of the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania."
As such, I mark Criteria 4.4 compliant.
done_all 4.4 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 4.5
Proof you meet criteria
Please share a link to where on your website you encourage users to communicate with your editorial team.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We provide several links on our website where we encourage users to contact us.
At the top of our homepage, we have a drop-down menu called "ASK A QUESTION," which provides links for readers who want to submit questions for Ask SciCheck and Ask FactCheck.
The links:
https://www.factcheck.org/askfactcheck/
https://www.factcheck.org/askscicheck/
At the top of our homepage, the "About Us" drop-down menu includes a link on how to contact us: https://www.factcheck.org/about/contact-us/
The "Contact Us" link also appears at the bottom of every page, linking to a page where we provide our address, phone number and the editor's email address.
On our homepage we also explain our corrections policy and provide instructions on how to "Request a Correction" in the "About Us" drop-down menu: https://www.factcheck.org/request-a-correction/
We also have a weekly newsletter that includes a feature -- "Reply All" -- where we answer a question from a reader. Readers can subscribe to our weekly newsletter here: https://www.factcheck.org/subscribe/. We provide a link to our newsletter on our homepage.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm that the As FactCheck site is available. I also think it's useful and helpful to have this information: "Helpful hint: We may already have answered your question. You can find out quickly by searching for your question, browsing our Ask FactCheck archives and Debunking False Stories page, or checking Viral Spiral for our most frequently asked questions."
As such, I mark Criteria 4.5 compliant.
done_all 4.5 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Section 5: A commitment to Standards and Transparency of Methodology
To be compliant on methodology, applicants must meet these six criteria
- 5.1 The applicant publishes on its website a statement about the methodology it uses to select, research, write and publish its fact checks.
- 5.2 The applicant selects claims to check based primarily on the reach and importance of the claims, and where possible explains the reason for choosing the claim to check.
- 5.3 The applicant sets out in its fact checks relevant evidence that appears to support the claim as well as relevant evidence that appears to undermine it.
- 5.4 The applicant in its fact checks assesses the merits of the evidence found using the same high standards applied to evidence on equivalent claims, regardless of who made the claim.
- 5.5 The applicant seeks where possible to contact those who made the claim to seek supporting evidence, noting that (I) this is often not possible with online claims, (II) if the person who makes the claim fails to reply in a timely way this should not impede the fact check, (III) if a speaker adds caveats to the claim, the fact-checker should be free to continue with checking the original claim, (IV) fact-checkers may not wish to contact the person who made the claim for safety or other legitimate reasons.
- 5.6 The applicant encourages users to send in claims to check, while making it clear what readers can legitimately expect will be fact-checked and what isn’t fact-checkable.
Criteria 5.1
Proof you meet criteria
Please provide a link to the statement on your website that explains the methodology you use to select, research, write and publish your fact checks.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Our Process: https://www.factcheck.org/our-process/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
To assess Criteria 5.1, I reviewed the February 2: 2024 fact check Online Posts Share Altered Photo of Taylor Swift With Bogus Political Sign. An altered photo showed pop star Taylor Swift incorrectly endorsing Donald Trump and his baseless claims he won the 2020 presidential election.
For methodology, fact checker Alan Jaffe, explained that Swift has endorsed two Democratic U.S. Senate candidates in 2018 in an Instagram post. Two years later, Jaffe wrote, she endorsed the Biden-Harris ticket. The methodology to review the altered photograph shows the original, which was taken at an NFL game. She is not holding anything and the photograph is shown with its original credit by a Getty Images photographer.
I mark this item compliant.
done_all 5.1 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 5.2
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the methodology used in a randomised sample of your fact checks to assess compliance with these criteria. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
The methodology for the Biden Spins the Facts in Campaign Speech posted December 5, 2023 explained that the president distorted some of the facts. Its methodology starts by stating when and where he made the speech and then it takes each of the issues where distortions were found.
On Inflation, Biden's claims were unsupported by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development nor by the White House Council of Economic Advisors. On Deficits, FactCheck.org noted he could not claim that he reduced the national debt, which has increased. The fact check explained its use of figures from the Joint Committee on Taxation and the Congressional Research Service. On Social Security and Medicaid, Biden claimed Trump is "pushing to cut" them. But, here FactCheck.org turned to public and social media statements Trump has made to show that he has not said those things. For context, the piece added, "In fact, some of Trump’s Medicare proposals were similar to cost-cutting measures that had been proposed by former President Barack Obama."
I mark Criteria 5.2 compliant as this methodology is clear and easy to follow.
done_all 5.2 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 5.3
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the methodology used in a randomised sample of your fact checks to assess compliance with these criteria. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
For Criteria 5.3, I reviewed the December 14, 2023 work headlined GOP Misleading Claims in Biden Impeachment Investigation. For context, the piece written by Robert Farley begins: "House Republicans passed a resolution on Dec. 13 to formalize their impeachment inquiry into President Joe Biden. In attempts to build momentum for the vote, Republicans continued to present misleadingly incomplete information in service of the claim that Biden benefited from his family members’ 'influence peddling' with foreign businesses and governments."
The methodology starts with an explanation of the vote and then moves to a discussion of the indictment against Hunter Biden. It explains how the mischaracterization took place, using a years-long record of news reports and bank records to fill in gaps left out of the House debate over the last few months.
As such, I mark this item compliant.
done_all 5.3 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 5.4
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the methodology used in a randomised sample of your fact checks to assess compliance with these criteria. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
To assess Criteria 5.4, I reviewed the December 1, 2023 item headlined FactChecking DeSantis-Newsom Debate. The two took the stage for a debate run by Fox News and FactCheck.org explained in the first paragraph the men, "spun, mangled and exaggerated some of the facts on issues including COVID-19, migration, abortion, book bans and gasoline prices."
The aforementioned issues each received their own sections of the fact check with transcripts included and an explanation of why the characterizations said on stage were misleading or outright false. As an example, Newsom said DeSantis had "closed down your beaches" during Covid, which the Florida governor said was untrue. Florida beaches were closed. The fact check explained by outlining through a timeline of executive orders how Newsom was correct. (I've included a screen shot of the fact check.)
Additionally, to undercut Newsom's claims that Californians were not leaving for Florida, U.S. Census figures were used to show that Florida had a two-year net gain of new residents.
The piece also fact checks DeSantis' incorrect claim that a pregnancy has a "detectable heartbeat" at six weeks. The piece explains that is it "inaccurate for a couple of reasons" mainly because for 10 weeks medical terminology views the correct term as an embryo rather than a fetus, citing the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Due to the thorough methodology fact checking both politicians, I mark this criteria as compliant.
done_all 5.4 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 5.5
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the methodology used in a randomised sample of your fact checks to assess compliance with these criteria. No additional evidence is required.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I reviewed the December 4, 2023 item Post Misrepresents Condition of Israeli Hostages Released by Hamas to assess Criteria 5.5. I rate this item compliant as the methodology is clear and included a variety of sources.
The piece begins with a "Quick Take," which said: "A post on social media misleadingly claims the freed Israelis “look like people finishing a vacation.” But news reports say many of the Israelis returned malnourished, injured and traumatized." It then moves to the "Full Story," which explained the Oct. 7 Hamas attacks that killed 1,200 Israelis. Another 240 were taken hostage. (It also noted more than 15,000 Palestinians have been killed in the war that followed.) This fact check focused on an X post/Instagram post that presented a "distorted view of the hostages' condition when they were freed."
The methodology explained interviews from hostages that described violence and terrible conditions. Other interviews with released hostages quoted in the New York Times and CNN were used. Additionally, a University of Pennsylvania expert was consulted who said that to say they were on vacation is "ridiculous."
done_all 5.5 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 5.6
Proof you meet criteria
Please describe how you encourage users to send in claims to check, while making it clear what readers can legitimately expect will be fact-checked and what isn’t fact-checkable. Include links where appropriate. If you do not allow this, explain why.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
As mentioned above, we have a drop-down menu at the top of our homepage called "ASK A QUESTION," which provides links for readers who want to submit questions for Ask SciCheck and Ask FactCheck. We started Ask FactCheck in 2007, and Ask SciCheck in 2017.
Our stories generated by readers can be found here:
https://www.factcheck.org/askfactcheck/
https://www.factcheck.org/askscicheck/
Most questions now are about viral social media content, and those questions are answered by staff members assigned to debunk viral misinformation. Those stories are emailed to readers who asked the questions. The stories can be found here:
https://www.factcheck.org/fake-news/
We also directly answer questions to readers via email. We have four undergraduate fellows who help us read and respond to readers.
We also have a newsletter that includes a feature we call "Reply All," which answers one reader question each week. Readers can subscribe to our free weekly newsletter here: https://www.factcheck.org/subscribe/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm the "Ask FactCheck page includes information about ways to contact the staff. It notes: "Ask FactCheck
Have a question? Email us at Editor@FactCheck.org.
If possible, let us know where you first heard the claim. And if you are asking about a suspicious viral email or story circulating on social media, forward a complete copy to us. Also, please include your full name, city and state."
Going to About Us-->Our Process reveals thorough information about how and where FactCheck.org concentrates its efforts. As such, I mark Criteria 5.6 compliant.
done_all 5.6 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Section 6: A commitment to an Open & Honest Corrections Policy
To be compliant on corrections policy, applicants must meet these five criteria
- 6.1 The applicant has a corrections or complaints policy that is easily visible and accessible on the organization’s website or frequently referenced in broadcasts.
- 6.2 The policy sets out clear definitions of what it does and does not cover, how major mistakes, especially those requiring revised conclusions of a fact check, are handled, and the fact that some complaints may justify no response. This policy is adhered to scrupulously.
- 6.3 Where credible evidence is provided that the applicant has made a mistake worthy of correction, the applicant makes a correction openly and transparently, seeking as far as possible to ensure that users of the original see the correction and the corrected version.
- 6.4 The applicant, if an existing signatory, should either on its corrections/complaints page or on the page where it declares itself an IFCN signatory inform users that if they believe the signatory is violating the IFCN Code, they may inform the IFCN, with a link to the IFCN site.
- 6.5 If the applicant is the fact-checking unit of a media company, it is a requirement of signatory status that the parent media company has and adheres to an open and honest corrections policy.
Criteria 6.1
Proof you meet criteria
Please provide a link to where you publish on your website your corrections or complaints policy. If you are primarily a broadcaster, please provide evidence you frequently reference your corrections policy in broadcasts.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Our corrections policy can be found in two places on our homepage. It can be found in the "Our Process" page. To make it easy for readers to request corrections, we also provide an option in the "About Us" drop-down menu at the top of the homepage that says "Request a Correction," and links to this page providing instructions on how to request a correction: https://www.factcheck.org/request-a-correction/
In addition, we include this on the "Our Process" page (with a hyperlink to the IFCN complaints page): If you believe we are in violation of the IFCN code of principles, you can file a complaint with the IFCN here.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm the Corrections Policy is clear and easy-to-find (it is attached). As such, I mark Criteria 6.1 compliant.
done_all 6.1 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 6.2
Proof you meet criteria
The assessor will review the corrections policy to verify it meets critera. No additional information needed.
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
The corrections policy meets Criteria 6.2.
done_all 6.2 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 6.3
Proof you meet criteria
Please provide a short statement about how the policy was adhered to over the previous year (or six months if this is the first application) including evidence of two examples of the responses provided by the applicant to a correction request over the previous year. Where no correction request has been made in the previous year, you must state this in your application, which will be publicly available in the assessment if your application is successful.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
Our policy is to immediately correct errors as soon as they are brought to our attention -- sometimes corrections come from readers, but also from our sources and staffers. Our "about us" tab at the top of our homepage provides a drop-down menu list, including "Request a Correction," which provides readers with a link to the email address -- appeals@factcheck.org -- we use for corrections and Facebook appeals. If the correction was prompted by a reader, then we will note that in our correction.
Here are two examples of corrections made in the past 12 months:
On May 29, 2023, a reader wrote to point out a mistake in our article, "Limited Evidence of a Link Between Acetaminophen and Autism or ADHD." The next day, we posted a correction that read:
Correction, May 30: An earlier version of this article incorrectly stated that acetaminophen is an ingredient in oxycodone. Oxycodone is an opioid that is sometimes combined with acetaminophen. We thank the reader who brought this to our attention.
Full story here: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/02/limited-evidence-of-a-link-between-acetaminophen-and-autism-or-adhd/
On Nov. 7, 2023, we received a lengthy email from a reader who raised a number of issues with a story that we did on mammograms. The author of the email cc'd several others, and one of those who was cc'd on the original email wrote to us on Nov. 8. The director, managing editor and science editor separately reviewed the emails and the evidence cited in the emails. We also re-read our story, focusing on the sections that were objectionable to the authors of the emails. The director and editors then held meetings to discuss the specific objections, the evidence provided in the emails and our response. As a result, we published a correction and a clarification on Nov. 10, 2023:
Clarification, Nov. 10: After publication, we received a few complaints about how we presented the risks and benefits of mammograms. After a review, we stand by our story. We have, however, added language to give a better understanding of the conclusions of the 2015 paper cited by March and explained that the paper’s author has criticized the COVID-19 vaccines.
Correction, Nov. 10: We misquoted the 2015 paper cited in the video, incorrectly saying that it said screening mammograms “should be avoided” instead of “should be abandoned.”
Full story here: https://www.factcheck.org/2023/11/scicheck-video-in-spanish-misleads-about-mammograms/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm that corrections follow the policy and adhere to the IFCN standards. I mark Criteria 6.3 compliant.
done_all 6.3 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 6.4
Proof you meet criteria
If you are an existing signatory, please provide a link to show where on your site you inform users that if they believe you are violating the IFCN Code, they may inform the IFCN of this, with a link to the complaints page on the IFCN site.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
"Our Process" page explains our relationship with the IFCN and provides a link to the IFCN complaints page: https://www.factcheck.org/our-process/
Margot Susca Assessor
07-Feb-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
I confirm that FactCheck.org's status as an existing signatory and how people could communicate to IFCN are available online. As such, I mark Criteria 6.4 compliant.
done_all 6.4 marked as Compliant by Margot Susca.
Criteria 6.5
Proof you meet criteria
If you are the fact-checking unit of a media company, please provide a link to the parent media company’s honest and open corrections policy and provide evidence that it adheres to this.
FactCheck.org
25-Jan-2024 (9 months ago) Updated: 9 months ago
We are not a fact-checking unit of a media company. We are a project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania.